From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Breaking Dawn is the fourth and final novel in the
The Twilight Saga by American author
Stephenie Meyer. Divided into three parts, the first and third sections are written from
Bella Swan's perspective and the second is written from the perspective of
Jacob Black. The novel directly follows the events of the previous novel,
Eclipse, as Bella and
Edward Cullen get married, leaving behind a heartbroken Jacob. When Bella faces an unexpected situation, she does what it takes to undergo the ultimate transformation and fight the final battle to save her love.
Meyer finished an outline of the book in 2003, but developed and changed it as she wrote
New Moon and
Eclipse, though the main and most significant storylines remained unchanged.
Little, Brown and Company took certain measures to prevent the book's contents from leaking, such as closing forums and message boards on several fansites and providing a special e-mail address for fans to send in links to leaks and spoilers online.
Breaking Dawn was released on August 2, 2008 at midnight release parties in over 4,000 bookstores throughout the US.
[1] From its initial print run of 3.7 million copies, over 1.3 million were sold in the US and 20,000 in the UK in the first 24 hours of the book's release, setting a record in first-day sales performance for the
Hachette Book Group USA.
[2] The book was highly successful, selling over 6 million copies in 2008, and was the third best-selling novel of 2008 behind
Twilight and
New Moon.
Breaking Dawn received mixed reviews from critics and is the most controversial book in the series, as it explored more mature themes and concepts. However, the novel was awarded the
British Book Award for "Children's Book of the Year". The book was translated in 38 languages with rights sold to over 50 countries. An upcoming
two-part film adaptation of the novel is scheduled for release November 2011 and November 2012 respectively.
Plot summary
Breaking Dawn is split into three separate parts. The first part details Bella's marriage and honeymoon with Edward, which they spend on a private island, called Isle Esme, off the coast of Brazil. Two weeks into their honeymoon, Bella realizes that she is pregnant with a half-vampire, half-human child and that her condition is progressing at an unnaturally accelerated rate. After contacting Carlisle, who confirms her pregnancy, she and Edward immediately return home to Forks, Washington. Edward, concerned for Bella's life and convinced that the fetus is a monster as it continues to develop with unnatural rapidity, urges her to have an abortion. However, Bella feels a connection with her unborn baby and refuses.
The novel's second part is written from the perspective of shape-shifter Jacob Black, and lasts throughout Bella's pregnancy and childbirth. Jacob's Quileute wolf pack, not knowing what danger the unborn child may pose, plan to destroy it and kill Bella. Jacob vehemently protests this decision and leaves, forming his own pack with Seth and Leah Clearwater. The fetus in Bella's body grows swiftly and Bella soon gives birth, but the baby breaks many of her bones and she loses massive amounts of blood. In order to save her life, Edward changes her into a vampire by injecting his venom into her heart. Jacob, who was present for the birth, almost immediately "imprints"—an involuntary response in which a shape-shifter finds his soul mate—on Edward and Bella's newborn daughter, Renesmee.
The third section of Breaking Dawn shifts back to Bella's perspective, describing Bella's painful transformation and finding herself changed into a vampire and enjoying her new life and abilities. However, the vampire Irina misidentifies Renesmee as an "immortal child", a child who has been turned into a vampire. Because "immortal children" are uncontrollable, creating them has been outlawed by the Volturi. After Irina presents her allegation to the Volturi, they plan to destroy Renesmee and the Cullens. In an attempt to survive, the Cullens gather other vampire clans from around the world to stand as witnesses and prove to the Volturi that Renesmee is not an immortal child. Upon confronting the gathered Cullen allies and witnesses, the Volturi discover that they have been misinformed and immediately execute Irina for her mistake. However, they remain undecided on whether Renesmee should be viewed as a threat to vampires' secret existence. At that time, Alice and Jasper, who had left prior to the confrontation, return with a Mapuche called Nahuel, a 150-year-old vampire-human crossbreed like Renesmee. Nahuel demonstrates that the crossbreeds pose no threat, and the Volturi leave. Edward, Bella, and Renesmee return to their home in peace.
Background
Development
Originally, Meyer wrote a book titled
Forever Dawn, which was a direct sequel to
Twilight.
[3] While the basic storyline remained the same,
Forever Dawn was narrated completely from Bella's point of view, the werewolves and Jacob were "only sketchily developed", Victoria and Laurent were both alive, and there was an epilogue.
[4] Meyer went on to say that she "may post some extras someday if I ever have time to go back through the
Forever Dawn manuscript—it's just as long as
Breaking Dawn."
The part which took Meyer the longest time to write of
Breaking Dawn was the half-chapter describing the 3 months after Bella's transformation into a vampire because "the amount of time per word put into that section was probably ten times what it was in any other part of the book" and Meyer liked to write minute by minute, but didn't think it would be exciting.
[5]
Meyer decided to include the pregnancy in her story while she was researching vampires, early in 2003, and came across the legend of the
incubus, a demon who could father children.
[4] Bella's insistence to not let her child die was inspired by Meyer's reaction when asked if she would let one of her children die so she could live, which was to deliver the child no matter what the consequences were.
[6] Meyer said in an interview with
Shannon Hale, published in
The Twilight Saga: The Official Illustrated Guide, that the birth scene published is a little less grotesque than the one she wrote before editing due to her editor, agent and publisher's requests to "tone down the violence a little". She stated that Bella's pregnancy and childbirth, for her, were "a way to kind of explore that concept of what childbirth used to be" in the past and acknowledged that they were "taking Bella in a new direction that wasn't [as] relatable for a lot of people."
[7] Concerning the subject of the relatibility of Bella, Meyer admitted that she lost some of her relatibility to the character when she became a vampire and said, "every point up until that point in the story [the transformation] I would say I could step into this story right here and I could do everything she could do which made it really fun."
[8] Meyer wanted to experience Bella's vampiric experiences and "enjoyed very much writing" about them and wanted to end the book from her perspective,
[6] but still thought it was "a little bit harder" as she couldn't step in into the story anymore.
[8]
In regard to Renesmee's unique name, Meyer wrote that she "couldn't call her Jennifer or Ashley. What do you name the most unique baby in the world? I looked through a lot of baby name websites. Eventually I realized that there was no human name that was going to work for me, so I surrendered to necessity and made up my own."
[4]
Meyer states in regard to ending the series that:
"The Twilight Saga is really Bella's story, and this was the natural place for her story to wind up. She overcame the major obstacles in her path and fought her way to the place she wanted to be. I suppose I could try to prolong her story unnaturally, but it wouldn't be interesting enough to keep me writing. Stories need conflict, and the conflicts that are Bella-centric are resolved."
[4]
Influences
The plays
The Merchant of Venice and
A Midsummer Night's Dream both influenced
Breaking Dawn.
[9] Meyer decided that Alice would write her instruction to Bella on a page from
The Merchant of Venice to give a clue that the final confrontation at the end of the book would be a mental one—not a physical battle–like the one at the end of the play. It also hints that the novel would have a happy ending for the couples, as in
The Merchant of Venice. Originally it was
Jane Eyre that Alice tore a page from, but
Jane Eyre had nothing to do with the story, so Meyer changed it.
[10]
The idea of imprinting, which existed in
Forever Dawn, was inspired by
A Midsummer Night's Dream. Meyer described it as "the magic of setting things right—which doesn't happen in the real world, which is absolutely fantasy", and decided to introduce it earlier–in
Eclipse–so she wouldn't have to explain it later.
[11]
Cover art
Meyer described the cover as "extremely meaningful" and said that she was "really happy with how it turned out".
[12] The cover is a metaphor for Bella's progression throughout the entire series; she began as the physically weakest player on the board, the pawn, but at the end she becomes the strongest, the queen.
[4] The chessboard also hints at the conclusion of the novel "where the battle with the Volturi is one of wits and strategy, not physical violence."
[13]
Title
The title,
Breaking Dawn, is a reference to the beginning of Bella's life as a newborn vampire.
[4] Originally, Meyer wanted to title the book
Forever Dawn, but she thought the name was very "cheesy". Wanting to add a "sense of disaster" to the title to match the novel's mood, she called it
Breaking Dawn. Another reason for giving the book this particular title is that it matches the book's plot, which centers around "a new awakening and a new day and there's also a lot of problems inherent in it".
[12]
Release
Marketing
Entertainment Weekly magazine released an excerpt of
Breaking Dawn on May 30, 2008.
[14] Stephenie Meyer also revealed a 'Quote of the Day' from
Breaking Dawn for about three weeks prior to its August 2, 2008 release. The first quote was released on Stephenie's website on July 12, 2008.
[15] The first chapter of
Breaking Dawn, "Engaged", was released in the special edition of
Eclipse.
[16] Breaking Dawn was officially released on August 2, 2008 through midnight release parties in over 4,000 bookstores,
[1] most of which involved costume and trivia contests, crafts, and face painting.
[17]
Godiva also made a
Twilight-themed
chocolate bar, which was released in
Barnes & Noble book stores at the release parties.
[18] A four-city
Breaking Dawn Concert Series, featuring Stephenie Meyer and
Blue October's
Justin Furstenfeld, coincided with the novel's release. The concert series sold out three of its four locations on the day that tickets went on sale,
[19] selling out in under an hour in one city.
[20]
Publication
Prior to the novel's release, the first three
Twilight books had already sold 8.5 million copies throughout the US
[2] and over 2 million copies in the UK.
[21] Breaking Dawn was one of the most anticipated books of 2008 with
The Guardian noting, "Teenagers across the world are anxiously awaiting the next instalment of author Stephenie Meyer's vampiric series of novels."
[1] To meet the high demand,
Little, Brown Books added a printing of 500,000 additional copies just prior to publication of the title, bringing initial print run to 3.7 million.
[2]
The book sold 1.3 million copies in the US
[2] and 20,000 copies in the UK in its first 24 hours of release,
[22] as well as 100,000 copies in Canada during its first weekend.
[23] Breaking Dawn debuted at #1 on
USA Today's top 150 best sellers list and has gone on to spend over 58 weeks on the list.
[24] It was also the biggest-selling children's book of 2008 with over 6 million copies sold.
[25]
A special edition of
Breaking Dawn was released on August 4, 2009, containing a DVD of the
Breaking Dawn Concert Series and an interview with Meyer.
[26]
Reception
Reception of
Breaking Dawn was, at best, "mixed".
[27] Lev Grossman wrote, "First, since there's a lot of one-star reviews up on Amazon, let me say up front: I loved
Breaking Dawn."
[28] Cara von Wrangel Kinsey of
School Library Journal responded with a positive review, describing the book as "captivating" and noting, "While this novel is darker and more mature than the earlier titles, Meyer's twists and turns are not out of character."
[29] The Charlotte Observer agreed and called the book "pretty darned good", but criticized the book's length saying, "I wish [Stephenie Meyer] hadn't felt compelled to pack so much into one volume. It should have been two books."
[30] Mary Harris Russell of the
Chicago Tribune also responded with a positive review and hailed the book as a "fun read", noting that Stephenie Meyer "continues to produce witty writing about families, teenagers and popular culture",
[31] while
Time called the book "a wild but satisfying finish to the ballad of Bella and Edward" and gave it a rating of A-.
[32] An article in
The Daily News Tribune said of
Breaking Dawn, "Some of the dialog is a bit stilted,... but, if you stay close to Meyer's rich and prodigious narrative, you too might fall in love with its suspense and moving sensitivity".
[33]
Publishers Weekly stated that the main problem with
Breaking Dawn was that, "Essentially, everyone gets everything they want, even if their desires necessitate an about-face in characterization or the messy introduction of some back story. Nobody has to renounce anything or suffer more than temporarily—in other words, grandeur is out."
[34] In an article by
The Associated Press, journalist Sara Rose wrote on
NewsOK.com that fans of the series would love "engaging characters, great humor, a distracting obsession with beauty, focus on the minutiae of emotions"; however "casual readers may be disappointed with a lot of build-up and little action."
[35] The Independent called the book, "shockingly, tackily, sick-makingly sexist" and said that "Bella Swan lives to serve men and suffer."
[36] Entertainment Weekly graded
Breaking Dawn with a D, criticizing the birth scene and Bella's "unwavering passion for Edward" and having no other goals.
[37] The Washington Post also responded with a negative review, making comments such as, "Meyer has put a stake through the heart of her own beloved creation," and "
Breaking Dawn has a childbirth sequence that may promote lifelong abstinence in sensitive types."
[38]
In an interview with
Entertainment Weekly, Meyer responded to the negative response of many fans to the book and called it the "Rob Effect"; she said that the fans need time to accept the ending of
Breaking Dawn, just as they needed time to accept
Robert Pattinson playing the role of Edward in the
Twilight movie.
[39]
Awards and honors
Breaking Dawn was the recipient of a
British Book Award for "Children's Book of the Year".
[40] In the 2009 "Children's Choice Book Awards", the novel was chosen as "Teen Choice Book of the Year" and Meyer won the "Author of the Year" award.
[41]
Film adaptation
Summit Entertainment announced in November 2008 that they had obtained the rights to the fourth book in
Stephenie Meyer's series,
Breaking Dawn.
[42] The studio greenlit an adaptation of
The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn in April, 2010. The film is to be split into two parts, the first of which is scheduled for release on November 18, 2011.
[43] Then, on Friday, August 6, 2010, Summit Entertainment announced that the second part of the movie will be theatrically released on November 16, 2012.
[44] Bill Condon will direct both parts;
The Twilight Saga author,
Stephenie Meyer, will co-produce the film along with Karen Rosenfelt and Wyck Godfrey.
[45] In July, 2010, Summit announced that the movie will be shot in Vancouver, Canada, and Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Actress
Maggie Grace has signed on to play the part of Irina in the movie, and
Mackenzie Foy has signed on to play Renesmee, Edward and Bella's half-vampire, half-human child.
[46]
